CIHM 
Microfiche 
Series 
(Monographs) 


ICMH 

Collection  de 
microfiches 
(monographies) 


Canadian  Instituta  for  Hittorlcal  MIcroraproductiona  /  Institut  Canadian  da  microreproductioni  historrquaa 


1997 


Tflchniul  and  Bibliographic  Notti  /  rjotas  tschniqun  et  bibliographiquts 


The  Initituts  hai  antmptid  to  obtain  1h«  btst  original 
copy  availabit  for  filming.  Faaturts  of  this  copy  which 
may  ba  bibliographically  unique,  which  may  altar  any 
of  tht  imagas  in  tha  reproduction,  or  which  may 
significantly  change  the  usual  method  of  filming,  are 
checked  tielow. 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire  qu'il 
lui  a  iti  pouible  de  se  procurer.  Les  ditaili  de  cet 
•nemplaire  qui  sont  peut-itre  uniques  du  point  de  vue 
bibliographique,  qui  pauvent  mfidifier  una  image 
reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  unc  modification 
dam  la  mithode  normale  de  f  ilmage  sont  ifsdiqute 
ei-dessout. 


0 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommagie 


□  Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

□  Paget  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagies 


n 


Covrrs  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurie  at/ou  pelliculie 

Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


□  Coloured  mapi/ 
Cat  tat  gioQfTphiquet  en  couleur 

□  Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


□  Paget  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Paget  rettaurees  at/ou  pelliculies 

0  Paget  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  dicoloriet,  tachetiet  ou  piquees 

n  Paget  detached/ 
Pages  ditachies 


I llr; 


Showthrougti/ 
aniparence 


n 
0 


Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrationi/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrationt  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relie  avec  d'autres  documents 


r~T]  Tight  binding  may  cauie  shadows  or  distortion 

1 I  along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  terrte  peut  cauter  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  interieure 


n 


Blank  leaves  added  during  rettoration  may  appear 
within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  thete  have 
been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajouties 
lors  d'une  rettauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais.  lorsque  cela  etait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  ete  filmtes. 


E  Quality  of  print  varies/ 


n 


I  Qualite  in4gala  de  I'impression 

Continuous  pagination/ 
Pagmation  continue 

Includes  index(es)/ 
Comprend  un  (des)  index 

Title  on  header  taken  from:/ 
Le  titre  de  t'en-tAte  provient: 


□  Title  page  of  issue/ 
Page  de  titre  de  la  livraison 

□  Caption  of  issue/ 
Titre  de  depart  de  la  livraisoi 


n 


Masthead/ 

Generique  (periodiques)  de  la  livraison 


□ 


Additional  commeni^:/ 
Coinmentaires  supplementaires: 


This  Item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filme  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu^  ci-dessous. 

1DX  MX  lax 


1 
i 

K 

!     ! 

1 

Th*  copy  HImad  hara  ha*  baan  raproduead  thanka 
to  tha  ganaroaity  of: 

Victori3  University,   Toronto 
E.J.    Pratt   Library 

Tha  imaga*  appaaring  hara  ara  tha  baat  quality 
poaaibia  cuniidaring  tha  condition  and  laglbilily 
of  tha  original  copy  and  In  kaaping  with  tha 
filming  contract  apaciflcationa. 


Original  eoplai  in  printad  papor  sovara  ara  fllmad 
bagjnning  with  tha  front  covar  and  anding  on 
tha  laat  paga  with  a  printad  or  illuatratad  impraa- 
tlon.  or  tha  back  covar  whan  appropriata.  All 
othar  original  eopiaa  ara  fllmad  baginning  on  tha 
firat  paga  with  a  printad  or  illuatratad  impraa- 
■Ion,  and  anding  on  tha  last  paga  with  a  printad 
or  illuatratad  impraaaion. 


L'axamplaira  fllmi  fut  raproduit  grtca  i  la 
gtn^roait*  da: 

Victoria  University,   Toronto 
E.J.    Pratt   Library 

Lm  imagat  tuivantas  ont  ttt  raproduiiaa  avac  la 
plu*  grand  toin.  compta  tanu  da  la  condition  at 
da  la  nattata  da  I'axamplaira  filma,  at  »n 
conformita  avac  laa  conditions  du  contrat  da 
filmaga. 

Laa  axamplairaa  originaux  dont  la  couvartura  an 
paplar  aat  imprimta  lont  fiimaa  an  commancant 
par  la  pramiar  plat  at  an  tarminant  toil  par  la 
darnitra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'impraasion  ou  d'illuatration,  soit  par  la  tacond 
plat,  aalon  la  eat.  Tout  laa  autrat  axamplairat 
originaux  tont  fiimAt  an  commancant  par  la 
pramiara  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'impraaaion  ou  d'illuttration  at  an  tarminant  par 
la  darnitra  paga  qui  comporta  una  taila 
amprainta. 


Tha  laat  racordad  frama  on  aach  microficha 
thall  contain  tha  tymboi  — ^  (moaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  tha  tymboi  ▼  (moaning  "END"), 
whichavar  appliat. 

Mapa.  piatat,  chant,  ate,  may  ba  fllmad  at 
diffarant  raduction  ratiot.  Thota  too  larga  to  ba 
antiraly  ineludad  in  ona  axpotura  ara  filmad 
baginning  in  tha  uppar  laft  hand  cornar.  laft  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  at  many  framat  at 
raquirad.  Tha  following  diagramt  illuttrata  tha 
mathod: 


Un  daa  tymbolat  tuivantt  tpparaitra  tur  la 
darnlAra  imaga  da  chaqua  microfiche,  talon  la 
cat:  la  tymboia  -^  tignifia  "A  SUIVRE",  la 
tymbola  V  tignifia  "FIN". 

Laa  cartaa.  planchat,  tableaux,  etc..  peuvent  itre 
filmat  a  dot  taux  da  riduction  diffArentt. 
Lortqua  la  document  ett  trop  grand  pour  itre 
reproduit  en  un  teul  cliche,  it  ett  filma  a  pertir 
de  I'angia  tupAriaur  gauche,  de  gauche  a  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bat.  en  prenant  la  nombre 
d'imagea  nacaaaaire.  Let  diagrammet  tuivantt 
illuatrant  la  mtthoda. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

I^U4H^ 


MICROCOPY  RESOLUTION  TEST  CHART 

NATIONAL  BUREAU  OF  STANDARDS 

STANDARD  REFERENCE  MATERIAL  1010a 

(ANSI  and  ISO  TEST  CHART  No.  2) 


A  SEVENTEENTH  CENTURY 
SURGEON  AND  HIS  FEE 


The  Honorable  Wiluau  Rkkwick 

RisDiLL,  B.A.,  B.Sc,  LI.B., 

L.H.D.,  F.B.S.  (Edin.), 

TOKOIfTO^  OHT. 


Rtprinud  (rem  Ikt 

New  Yofk  Medical  JoatnsI 

mcouoBATtva  t«s 

FlUliiddpUA  liidietl  JoofloAl  «ati 

Ths  BUIcal  N«wi 

March  t,  j^ir. 


Reprinlril   I'r, 


the    \nv   Vi.rl.-   Mcli.Ml  lo 
Min-ch  ,»,  /y/.j. 


A  SI- \  EXTKK  NTH  rKXTCRV  SfRGEoX 

AXD  HIS  FEE. 

liv  Tin:  Mr,\or<Ani.E  Wiluam  Renwick  Riddeil 

li.A,.   l;.Si..  U..V..,  I..H.D.,  F.R.S.   rEmx.i, 

Toronto,  Om  . 

rractically  every  word  of  the  learned  iud-Te's 
charge,  as  given  below,  is  to  \k  found  in  tlie'au- 
thnnt,es--I„s  lavv  is  exactly  followed  l.y  Blackstone 
and  .ord  Isenyon.  CJ.,  and  liis  ni-  Heine  mav  be 
tonnd  m  two  works  in  niv  possession  : 

1.  .-1  Ternary  of  Paradoxes  of  the  Magnetic 
Um  of  If  0,,,,,/.,,  A-a(,-:f(v  of  Tartar  in  IVine 
Image  of  God  in  Man,  Written  nri|,'itiallv  bv  Job. 
l.apt  \an  Helniont  and  Translated.  IllustVatJd  and 
Ampbated  by  \, 'alter  Cbarleton.  Doctor  in  Phv,ick 
and  I  hysician  to  the  late  Kiny:  London-  16^0' 

2.  Panli  Barbette.  Ofera  Omnia  Medica  et  Chi- 
i"u''t"'  ;,■  •  f"'"  ■It'l'fiidice  Opera  et  studio 
loh.  Jac.  Mangreti,  Med.  Doct.,  Geneva:  i68v    (In 

I  ?  t  }^^-  ^"«""*°"  referred  to  was  afterward 
knighted  by  Queen  Anne  and  is  the  well  known  Sir 
Isaac  Newton.  He  had  in  1672,  in  a  paper  pre- 
sented to  tlie  Royal  Society,  suggested  that  micro- 
scopes as  well  as  telescopes  should  be  made  with 
concave  mirrors. 

Sir  Thomas  Street  was  a  baron  of  the  exchequer 
and  a  justice  ot  the  common  bench  at  the  time  of 
I.  harles  11 :  he  was  continued  in  office  by  Tames  II 
and  remained  a  justice  of  the  common  bench  till' 
alter  the  revolution  in  1688.  He  was  not  rean- 
ixjintcd  by  King  William  III,  having  been  de- 
scribed to  h.  '  as  a  "very  ill  man,"  though  others 
say  he  was  a  '  very  honest  man."    His  "Good  Lord. 

l"„|.>,igli,,   ,5w,  by   A.   R.   K|li„„   P„biisl,i„„  Comi.any. 


K.Jdill.   .1  Sc:cnh\-ulh  i  .■«niry  Ire. 

rclicion  ovliich  was  a  very  live  question  in  iho  e 
da?"   praisinK   lUnrv    VIII   a.  .1   his   services     m 
fhc  iro.esmn,1ai.li.  ami  also  s.xakin,^  '^^'^"^^ 
of  tie  clianne  in  creed  l.y  DiRby- are  in  line  v,th 
h  s  -oiirse  upon  >he  l.encli.     He  war,  the  only  one 
of  the  .^^elv'e  judges  who  ^ave  an  op.n.ou  a,a  n^ 
,h.  po».r  .,f  the  kiuK  to  disj^nse  «,'""^  '"';;, 
„f  allegiance  and  su,,rcn,acy  required  ''Y  •■-  ^  ' 
Act   upon  appointment  to  office.    Jhe  king    'auies 
II    had  Krantc.l  an  otticc  to  Sir  h.dward   H<-lis    a 
Rn,  ,an  ratholic.  and  therewith  given  a  pa.e  t  o 
disiK-nsation  relLvinj:  hini   fr-mi  taking  the  oath- 
which  a  Ro.  an  Catholic  could  not  conscientious  y 
take      Eleven  nf  the  judges  held  that  the  king  ha.l 
this  i»wer.  but  Street  dissented. 

\crv  shortlv  after,  u  was  taken  ,-  gr..ntcd 
that  he  had  asiunicd  this  position  culh.sively.  -o  as 
o  give  an  air  of  impartiality  to  the  opinions  01  the 
?,<^;..  .\nd  the  fact  that  James  without  hesita- 
ion""  i---"c,l  a  sutcr.u;U-as  to  any  judge  who  (1-- 
Ssin  him,  and  therebv  removed  him  from  the 
ench,  indicates  that  this  view  of  S.r-ts  conduct 
was  nell   founded.     Certainly  King  Williams  ,id- 

vifers  thought  so.  .,-11    (■,„,!  iS-i  in 

It  W.1S  not  till    1S51,  m  England    (and  1 85 J  in 

Upper  Cana.lal.  that  parties  were  allowe  to  give 
evidence  in  their  own  case. 

ni\Rr.I,-   TO  THE   JCRY   IX   R.XNDAI.I-  v    SIR 

THOM.XS  POWIS,  K.ST.,  AT  THF.  r.ril.D. 

ll.M.l-,  .'-I^V  4,  l<»7,  I'  JA<^    "' 

StRKF.T.    Knt,,    JlMliF.    OF    TEIF    C»MM"N- 

C'nllcii  r«  of  the   liiry:  . 

^Th;,,ai„..i.acl^u«..,-Mn,,^^^^ 

^.1:7"^  S^oni;'     ^l^r  R  H-ers  and   Si..c.,< 

o  •    %;in^"    a  companv  ,1„1.  foun,  eH  ^n''/,";"';"',J|'Sn-^; 

f   Pirhamrnt   in  the  ih  rlv-fecimil  year  c,     ll.e   rciBn  .0 

;L    I, la     o     thp    rrolcstam    faitli.    the    late    Mish    an.l 


P,Y    ?IH    Tliii 


J<uU.il:   ./  Scii->ih-i->-lh  (  n,li,r\    /.v. 


CHtato  ami  i,i!nil>,  ari<l  tin.'  ;umimii  is  cunccrninn  certain 
moneys  wliich  ihe  plaintitV  rltmanilftli  for  hia  professional 
services  rfn'ItTcl  unto  the  ilcfcndani, 

That  M-  iii;i>'  tti-.'  bvitcr  rnmiTchend  what  it  ts  yc  havt 
10  tr>',  f  shall  recount  to  yctu  the  variou-!  facts  as  they 
have  InHM  made  to  appear  l.y  the  witnesses 

1  Ik'  ikftn'lant,  IntercfdniK  betwixt  two  broiluTs  of  the 
hvvord.  recvived  ,4  dan«eroiis  wuund  throuKh  the  arm:  by 
I  he  \  iiilcnt  pain  u  hereof  and  other  grieMJU-.  accidents 
cun':oinit;int,  he  was  suddenly  dejected  intu  cMreiite  de- 
bility and  rlanuer.  In  this  fortuni  iihuht,  lu-  employed  a 
surgeon  who  treated  him  in  a  manner  recommended  by 
his  art  and  mystery  with  topical  applications  of  which  1 
vhidi  ■'peake  t"  \oii  again.  The  w..und  did  mtt  improve. 
iiiid  llie  defcmlant,  despairing  to  iiud  ease  ur  benelit  by 
the  iriiii!e>->>  C'lTit. nuance  of  this  chirurRery,  and  fearing 
the  !.pet(Jy  iii\:i-i<pn  of  a  ganRraene,  consulted  the  plaintiff. 
This  UL'w  surgeon  enjoined  the  imirediate  remove  of  alt 
enipla>'.er-  ;ind  ntlier  topical  applications— and  he  washed 
the  wound  carefully  from  time  tu  time  with  fair  clean 
uater,  cowred  it  with  a  clean  >nft.  linen  cldih,  and 
-rleanscd  it  onoi-  a  day  I'rum  pus  and  other  impurities 

The  wound  hath  yotien  well  and  the  suryeon  sues  the 
Knight  for  his  reward. 

.Vt)u  were  the  plainiitT  a  physician  h^-  could  not  main- 
tain an  action  tnr  his  fees  which  are  given  not  as  tocatio 
:r!  coiidiirHo  but  as  iitiiiidaiii  iKuinniriuin.  not  as  salary 
or  hire,  lut  as  a  mere  gratuity  which  a  physician  cannot 
demand  without  doin*  wrong  tn  his  reputation. 

But  sufLienrr^  are  f  an  inferior  deur-e  amongst  the 
profci-jrs  <.f  the  heaumr  art  and  like  tlu  vu'dici  of  an- 
cient  Kumc  to  whom  they  corrr-:pond.  they  may  demand 
their  tee;  as  oi  richt,  while  the  fees  of  the  physicians  are 
by  the  laws  of  F^ngland  hut  honorary— which  is  indeed 
more  fnr  the  credit  and  rank  of  thi«  honourable  hodv. 

But  the  defendant  snith  that  lie  should  not  be  forced  to 
pay  lees  tn  a  man  who  not  only  did  him  no  benefit,  but 
who  did  n-'t  even  proceed  srcufuiiiiii  arti'in. 

Aufi  i  mu«t  tell  you  tliat  n  surgeon  can  recover  his 
fees  iiiily  if  ht-  proi-eed  in  accordance  with  the  {iracfice 
of  hi^  m>>tery  and  ai't.  This  man.  the  defendant  saith,  did 
nauuhl  and  shr-n'd  he  naid  naui?ht-tlir  plaintilT  conteuueth 
that  he  treated  the  Knight  with  judgement  and  skill  and 
that  ht  hath  hea'ed  him,  That  the  wound  i<  healed  none 
can  caiii>ay--but  did  the  Chirurgeon  treat  the  defendant 
properly  ? 

Many  learned  surgeons  have  Iteen  called  and  thev  have 
litvon  their  npinioTr;,  hacked  up  by  the  writings  of  mas- 
tcri  .  f  undouljted  i^ravity  and  authority. 

\\  e  are  told  by  the  defendant's  witnesses  that  there  are 
!'ut  twn  m.^ihod*:  of  treatin'T  wounds  which  have  received 


!i   i 


Niilfli-ll:   .t  Sevenlttttth  Ccatary  liW 

ihe  anprcival  of  tin-  lacultv  one  uhercol  i>  that  wherein 
niHicanirnl.  are  applied  to  the  «otin-l  in  topical  tfeal- 
Mifiil,  anil  llie  -ihtr  is  the  mv  of  a  vn'Mhelical  pow'ler 
or  of  an   loiiiicndiiii  ormar'iiiri   lyififalhrluHin. 

In  till-  lirsl  «i-  ar.'  told  thai  mediramenta  necejlary  to 
the  cure  of  noun.K  are  of  throe  liindv  l,  di«estive  or 
puj-ex.-iiine;  J.  saro.'ic  or  11.  .li-fonnin;(.  m'l  .t.  epulom^ 
or  scar-inducina.  I.xperiin.-e  luith  lansht  us  thai  a  ivounil 
niav  Ix  cured  verv  well  hv  a  >.aro.li>  alone  or  ii.or,-  Irf- 
iiuentlv  bv  a  (liBeslive  alone  llul  'n  trulli.  Ull-r  and 
more  irnain  rmilf  are  to  lie  looked  for  uliere  the  l»o 
are  u«ed  touether.  althouBh  in  lieshy  pans  diBestni*  ap- 
plied «ilh  .-oft  pleue's  mav  Acll  he  employed  without 
otlur  iiu-dieanifnts.  ,  -txt  u  ^ 

'Ml,-  .ic.s  in  the  art  (anions-t  Ihrm  the  revered  Walter 
("harhl'ii.  Doctor  in  I'hvsic  and  Physician  to  the  late 
Kinil.  lli«  Maiesty.  Charles  the  hir.l  of  I'lous  "Y".or>. 
him  «ho  «a«  so  criielK-  an<l  wickedly  martyred  lo  the 
enemies  of  r,od  and  of  all  true  men)  tell  us  that  iiiime- 
ihalelv  upon  the  soluli.in  of  unite  in  any  pan.  Ihe  ambient 
\er  of  Its  oun  prMiiiuenious  constiintion  intensely  cold, 
and'hv  accident  also  replcted  with  the  various  evapora- 
tions or  aporrhneas  of  mixt  bodies,  especially  such  as  are 
ihen  snilcrina  the  act  of  putrefaction  violently  invadeth 
the  part  and  thereupon  impresseth  an  exotiek  miasm  or 
noxious  li'athcsis:  which  disposinc  ihe  Mood  successively 
arrivini!  al  iho  wound  to  putref.action  by  the  interventH.n 
of  fcnuenialion  caused  bv  some  oradnal  ^acubty  (for 
I  -oved  II  mav  b,  lli.it  tb-  itiiurny  tumiviir  of  corrup- 
tion mu'l  he  a.iilum  rrtr.vieum  succeedinL:  u]  "U  .a  de- 
serli.iU  of  vilal  heat  1  inn  duced.  makeih  the  same  «holIv 
unlit  for  Ihe  nutrition  and  destructive  to  Ihe  incarnation 
or  reunion  of  the  «id  s  nf  the  orifice.  Aeamst  this  hos- 
tile aciduiii  N",aiure  inslantiv  ari^elh  in  arms,  sendeth  a 
larse  -iippiv  of  arterial  blood  and  ilonhleth  both  the 
strcnmb  nn.l  nuniber  of  her  puUes  insomuch  that  most 
times  ilie  ..lerchamed  part  sn'fereth  an  increase  of  pam 
and  intu  cescence  from  the  di-tentlon  of  iis  vessels  mem- 
hrane  and  interniuscularv  caii^i  it.es :  but  Imdim:  herself 
to.j  vxeak  o.  cxtiil  vM  siibtlv  and  potent  an  enemy,  en- 
camped "tihin  her  border-.  Ihouidi  sbe  cannot  i. reserve  the 
blood  from  submission  to  ihi  Ivrannv  of  this  pulrefaclion 
aei<biv  in  -ome  deuree  and  so  not  transmute  it  mlo  a 
laudable  c.ni.nt  lo  soder  up  Ihe  ilisumon:  vet  she  so  far 
hindriih  lespeciallv  in  creeii  woundsi  the  .lilalation  of 
corruption  lliat  she  s„b.bi-s  die  revolted  blo..d  into  ihe 
t'.,r-o  .if  a  while  i.tinilenl  ellbivion.  wlii-b  is  therefore  lo 
:ic..,unled  an  infallible  siiinal  that  Nature  i-  not  yet 
evira-e  bnt  holds  out  bravely  and  if  relieved  in  nine,  will 
be  an  happv  connueress.  ....  , 

Tliis  iiurulent  eflluxion  the  Tacully  call  laudable  pus  aiul 


/(•«/././/   ,/ 


tluy  use  every  eiifort  ti-  Lrin«  it  i-iUli  .iinl  m.m>  tuMcH 
iiuit<'«'  It  i«  sufViciint  [<>  I'lirt-  tht  \\iiiiiiil  li  ilu-  -urKcoii 
liatli  the  skill  nr  kooiI  (oriunc  to  t AtUe  :i  siilVunni  'iiiaii- 
tity  of  this  latulabk  jhin  whiili  m'Kic  thvfrfui  c  c;ill 
licaltliy  and  liMii'^n  pui.  Su  thr  cininci''  surm.'H  wli.i  iir>t 
rrcatej  llic  delmitaiit,  tells  \nu  tliat  h*  pplml  a  .1i,:(smm\ 
Hut  lie  was  nut  cutittnt  i<>  rt\\  u-  tin  i)ii-  <\i-iiiiii{ 
nicflirament  alone :  l)Ut  apptucl  a  tin  jclcl'r;iu<l  \uln«r- 
.iry  l>nl>am  nhirh  sian<U  :i|'|>r'n<(l  by  I'auUis  i'>:\r!i(tt<, 
an  afkni.wlcflutil  niat-ttT  i.i  ilie  ;tr'  o(  surgery-  .iti'l  this 
lialoani  «as  cninposcil  of  many  inuri'ilirnt^.  turpttiiine. 
«uin  Halliai.  v;uin  eltuii  anil  lii-ijcrac.  frankiiirvnM,  «'  n 
iiia''tu"Ii.  nivrrli.  aloe*,  ualinval.  cIiac",  ciiiiianinn.  niiti 
;iii.i  rul.il>'.  Ancl  tins  ointment  v.:\-.  I...tli  tlis"  •"ii,^  <■ 
colic  and  tpnl.'tic — tor  the  tMrpentmc.  n\\\n  denu,  fraiil^ 
I'lii'v  and  ma-'Mfti  are  diin'tiue,  tin,-  i;i!in  yalhani,  unni 
eUnii.  myrrh  alue^.  cluvts  au'l  nutiiu-y;  iiw  >ariulu'.  aivi 
aloes,  myrrh  and  nia-*fii'h  are  aUn  tpiilnth-. 

Me  nave  him  nuireoxer  to  drink  of  lurl)'^  Innlcd  in  rt  d 
uini'  wirli   suttar  of  the   "hlti'st   kind  thertin  added 

\'it  n->t\\nhst.indinK'  the  :n';ihration  nt  tiii'*  \nlii'  i*ar> 
UHKuerU  toiiically  and  upon  the  very  wound,  and  uotwith- 
stanrlinfj  the  ainmdant  dre«isin(f  applied  l>anda«e  nver 
hauilayc  and  ni'twithsiandinir  that  the  patient  df..iiis  i:al- 
Ions  «i  rcrj  wine  eaeh  day,  the  wound  dul  iif>t  heal.  Tlic 
pii-i  eanu:  in  lar;ie  iinanlitit  •*,  hut  i'  pas>i<l  fr.-ni  the  laud- 
able stage  and  became  malignant,  even  tlircatening  that 
N'ature  would  be  overenine.  Il  stenu'l  a-;  thouiili  the 
KniL'ht  was  doomed  to  die  au'l  harl  he  in  viTy  truth  thtn 
died,  none  \,ouh!  be  bold  enniiuh  to  say  that  lie  had  l^em 
treated  in  aunht  but  the  nutst  approved  manner  and 
•■trictly  s,-cuiiduiii  iirt,-ni.  The  defendant  himself  saith  so 
much,  for  he  hath  paid  the  !*urt;eon  all  that  he  demanded, 
even  thoniih  in  his  b;iiid«  and  under  his  treatment  lie  w'ah 
like  to  die. 

Then  (as  1  have  already  saitl)  despairing  to  find  cure 
nr  lenctit  by  ihe  fruitle«s  continuanee  iti  this  idiirurnery 
and  fearing  the  -peedy  invas^ion  of  a  gangracne.  he  sought 
out  the  plaintiff  and  placed  Iiimself  in  his  hands,  expecting 
to  b'-  treated  by  tlu-  "second  approvetl  metho<i  of  which  I 
have  alreadv  spoken 

This  is  commonlv  by  thi-  use  of  a  sympathetic  vulnerary 
pnuder,  and  it  hath  tiuuli  e^^teem  amoim  tiianv.  It  was 
inflced  introduced  info  Fiiiiland  by  the  late  Sir  Keiulni 
I>iirby.  who  ih"uch  nialii:nant«  call  h'ln  tlu-  very  Plinv  i.f 
hU  ace  for  lyinc.  \va«  Kniuhted  by  that  glorion-;  Kiny. 
James  the  lirst,  grandfather  of  hi-  present  Most  Gracious 
Majesty— and  he  nobly  and  i:allantly  fom;ht  for  his  couniry 
:icaui>t  the  Trench  and  \'ciititan'i.  the  Dutch  an<l  Sfani-sh 
Many,    inrlecd,    revile    hiti;    because    h*?    became    a    Roman 


Kl.1,1,11:  .1  Sr 


^iilceitth  Ccitliiiy  tee. 


Catholic,  liiit  let  none  say  that  against  him  in  r.proach 
v\hen  he  rememhers  the  creed  of  our  present  most  Hish 
and  Mightv  Prince,  King  Junes  the  Second.  . 

Whether  Dighv  can  riBhlly  lay  clanii  to  the  origii  al 
iliscoverv  or  no  n.av  .veil  he  douhted ;  Imt  ni  anv  case  lie 
it  was  who  made  this  marvellous  po<v(!er  so  well  known. 

It  is  of  Roman  vftriol  powdered  and  dried  in  the  sun. 
and  is  not  applied  to  the  wound  at  all  The  surgeon 
nrocureth  a  Barter  or  bandage  cruentatc  wherewitn  tni 
luirt  was  first  bound  up,  and  sprinWeth  ^Mth  the  powder 
ihe  blood  upon  the  garrer  or  bandace-anj  the  patient 
thereupon  feclcth  an  intolerable  shootinsr  .-ind  penc  ralne 
torment:  Imt  this  soon  vanisheth-thenceforward  all  for- 
mer evil  svmptoms  depart,  the  part  recovers  its  jiristine  • 
lively  coloir  and  manifest  incarnation  and  consolidation 
ensue  This  is  bv  reason  of  the  5ympatb\  maintained  be- 
twiNt  the  Mood  extravenatcd  and  that  vet  conserved  in 
the'  veins  and  of  the  Sovereian  balsamic  facult>  of  the 
vitriol-and  bv  a  fresh  dressing  of  the  carter  fi-;"'."";^ 
to  time  the  sanation  will  proceed  with  =uch  admirable 
success  that  within  few  days,  there  will  remain  on  y  a 
handsome  cicatrice  to  witness  there  was  i.nce  a  «onnd. 

.■\  kind  of  modification  of  this  treatment  is  better  known 
in  foreign  lands,  but  vet  is  recoi-'nized  in  I-.ngland  by  many 
of  the  wisest  of  the  faculty.  That  is  b>  use  oi  a  sym- 
pathetic vulnerary  ointment.  The  unguent  is  made  m  va- 
rious wavs  but  the  best  approved  is  of  these  lULiredients^ 
Take  two  ounces  of  usnea  which  is  the  tungous  and 
mossy  growlb  upon  the  skull  of  a  criminal  who  liath  been 
left  hanging;  half  an  ounce  of  mummy,  real  iiH.mmy  which 
hath  been  brought  from  Egypt,  two  ounces  oi  hunian  tat. 
half  an  ounce  of  human  Mood,  two  dra,rbms  oi  linseed 
oil.  and  an  ounce  of  bole  which  is  a  hnc  compact  unctu- 
ous reddish  dav  from  far  .Armenia,  a  natural  .astMngent 
and  styptic.  But  sometimes  the  fat  of  hulls  or  w  ild  boars, 
powdered  earthworms  and  the  like  are  used 

And  the  healing  virtue  of  this  also  depends  on  the  sym- 
pathy between  the  extravenated  blood  and  that  remaining 
within  the  veins,  for  the  ointment  is  applied  to  tlie  bloody 
weapon  o-  a  piece  of   wood  or  the  like  dipped   in  the 

wound.  ...  ,1-       EM 

We  are  told  that  the  dead  criminal  or  animal  dies  full 
of  secret  reluctancv  and  vindictive  murmurs  and  with  a 
high  flame  of  revengeful  feeling.  This  continueth  after 
his  death,  and  the  posthumous  character  of  reyeuL'e  re- 
maineth  firmly  impressed  upon  the  blood  and  lat  in  the 
uncvient  The  moment  the  Mood  or  weapon  or  splinter 
cometh  in  contact  with  this  most  malignant  substance,  it 
is  roused  to  active  evcitemenf.  ?nd  so  ohtaineth  full  power 
to  cure  its  fellow  blood  left  behind  in  the  wounded  man; 
and  this  it  doth  bv  sucking  out  the  dolorous   and   exotic 


Riddel!:  A  Seventeenth  Century  Fee. 


impression  from  the  wound.  And  that  is  in  truth  the 
most  consist;:nt  with  all  ue  know  concerning  natural  and 
magnetic  sympathies;  and  in  ver\  sooth  it  is  exceeding 
simple  like  unto  many  other  great  truths. 

Neither  this  unguent  nor  the  powder  is  applied  to  the 
wound,  hut  is  allowed  to  have  its  perfect  work  apart. 
The  weapon  or  splinter  or  garter  is  laid  away  in  a  cool 
place  and  the  wound  is  carefully  washed  with  fair  clean 
water,  covered  with  a  clean,  soft,  linen  doth,  and  cleansed 
once  a  day  from  pus  ">"d  other  itnpurities. 

Xow  the  plaintitt  did  naught  save  wash  and  tend  the 
wound;  he  used  no  sympathetic  powder  or  sympathetic 
unguent— and  he  giveth  his  reason.  He  doth  not  indeed, 
give  evidence  in  his  own  person  before  you.  but  ye  need 
not  to  marvel  thereat.  For  the  law  of  England,  the  per- 
fection of  human  wisdom  and  the  glory  of  all.  doth  not 
permit  a  party  to  a  suit  himself  to  give  evidence,  lest  he 
should  perjure  his  own  smil  Vain  babl'lers  there  be  who 
gainsay  the  wisdom  of  this  law,  but  we  may  not  heed  those 
who  would  remove  the  ancient  landmarks.  The-  plaintiff. 
yet,  may  and  doth  set  forth  liis  suit  by  v.itnesscs  whom 
he  hai':  called  ttcfpre  you.  He  saith  through  his  witnesses 
that  tliere  is  no  influential  operation  of  magnetical  rem- 
edies but  that  the  consolidation  of  wonnfI<!  is  the  sole  and 
entire  work  of  nature  performed  by  the  proper  balsam  of 
the  blood  flowing  to  the  part  wounded,  and  that  therefore 
those  who  employ  sym]>atIictio  unguent  or  powder  are 
grossly  ascribing  the  whole  arm  of  the  enerp>-  to  that  un- 
concerned principle  which  indeed  hath  not  so  much  as  a 
finger  in  the  business. 

He  saith  that  the  pus  whicli  all  otliers  admire  and  de- 
sire as  showing  that  Nature  hath  armed  herself  for  the 
fight  is  not  to  be  desired,  but  that  it  is  itself  an  impuritv 
which  should  be  avoided— that  it  hindreth  the  cure  and 
contendeth  against  the  vis  mcdicatrix  naturae.  He  hath 
even  in  his  mind  some  crotchet  that  pus  is  engendered  bv 
some  smnll  animal  or  plant,  some  bug  or  gnat  or  beettl'e 
or  fungus  belike,  though  he  saith  open;.-  that  he  cannot 
prove  the  existence  of  such  creatures.  This  however  he 
contendeth  is  because  his  glasses  do  not  magnify  suf- 
ficiently to  enable  him  to  see  tlicm.  And  he  meane'th  not 
the  glasses  or  spectacles  for  weak  or  aged  eves:  but  the 
microscope  which  hath  a  rare  and  admirable  facultv  of 
making  small  things  appear  large.  Rut  in  sooth  he  were- 
not  able  to  sec  these  imagined  bugs  were  he  to  use  even 
the  compound  nu"cro?cnpe  ■\\itb  concave  mirrnr  suLcrested 
to  the  Rnval  Societv  bv  ^Tr.  Newton,  the  T.ucnsian  Pm- 
fcssor  r.f  rnmbridce.  It  mi?ht  be  well  f'lr  the  plainlifT  t. . 
take  heed  lest  he  be  condemned  bv  HoK-  Church,  for  we 
are  told  in  the  Scriptures  that  God  created  grass  and  the 
herb  and  the  fruit  tree,  the  moving  creature  and   fowl  to 


^"aters  hrouRh,  forth  ^^™''!'"''>;;,,17\  „;"  k  ^'ih-bm 
hn  bugs  and  gnats  and  beetles. 

^p^tiie  sides  of  ^he  ;^';;i,.;^;  f,  ^Sn.cnon  Sl 
^SS^-^'^Snt,  Si:"lhe  factor  of  putre- 
fac;"on    bv    the    speciflcal   counter    violence    oi    ,"m.    su 

''"'^:"::^"i:at  .here  can„o.  be  doubt  .ha.  f.e  >.^ 

S^lki^;=^.»^q.SJ"S^t^ 

impression  acains.  wnicn  it  cdrricm  u..r-n,-^   Tris- 

\Ve  cannot  dispu.e  .he  great  fP.h°"'™  .°'  T'"^"  ,;"^ 
megistus,  Xalurae  .roi.l  ,«frf.ra(--,rfj^  \\  c  alku  her  to  Be 
Ihe  pnme  and  proxime  causatnx  of  all  '»"?»•"■  ''™ ,?" 
medicaments  no  more  than  auxiliatory  or  ad.man.  the 
modification   of   excessive   P"'""''""'   '!""    ■"%        e    o 

Sonoir  ofher  safety  and  -"q""'  '°l"'Vr.'".m"    ZIm 

i^ftSi"!i^.nf™r;a.,s^ar;™nn];^^or"ope;;;^i! 

proper  o  he  s>°npa"l.etic  Snguen.-for  indeed  syn.pa.het- 
S"ed°caments  are  allied  unto  c^'^^J'''  '"  ™,';"47/p"^''. 
mav  transmit  their  spiritual  encruv  mito  d.t  Ti  '  nate  pa 
knts  a"  vast  and  inde.ermina.e  dis.ances.  We  kn>.w  .hat 
ho  contadon  of  the  small  pox  and  placue  is  irequently 
Parted  f?om  one  brother  or  ^l.ter  ,o  another  a.  a  .hs.ance 
nf  manv  hundred  leacucs  hv  invisible  em  -MOn-  or  pes 
"i  cn"ra7a.o;ns  without  all  excuse  of  ."«lb«en";  or  mu- 
tual commerce  hv  inlcrvenien-  messenccrs.  as  aUo  ot  tear 
and   imacination:  so  immensely  Ions  is  the  arm   ot    s>m- 


8 


Ridiirll:  .1  \crciilrciith  Cenliiry  l-t 


patliy.  We  know  how  a  Tagliacotian  nose,'  enfeoffed  with 
a  coinniuniiy  of  vitality  and  vegetation  by  rJRht  of  trans- 
plantation upon  the  face  of  a  gentleman  at  Bruxtls,  hath 
grown  cadaverous  and  dropt  off  at  the  instant  of  that 
porters  death  at  Bononia  out  of  whose  arm  it  was  first 
e.xecied.  And  how  carefully  good  housewives  avoid  the 
bcilinit  over  of  their  milk  lest  the  atoms  thereof  subtili- 
ated  by  ihe  intense  heat  of  fire  should  be  attracted  by  the 
cow?  udder  ffor  the  source  or  fountain  of  every  effusion 
acteth  a  magnetical  part  and  draweth  to  itself  the  sub- 
divipinnt  of  that  same  effusion  situate  within  the  orb  of 
its  atticicncy)  and  so  an  inflammation  be  caused  by  the 
oppo*iii"n  of  the  atoms  of  tire  concomitant.  An'!  indeed 
he  =ha!l  find  out  of  a  bnok  of  great  authority  the  true 
magnetical  cure  of  most  diseases  as  of  the  Dropsie,  Gout, 
/aundiee.  &c  by  including  the  warm  blood  nf  the  patient 
in  the  shell  and  white  of  an  egg  which  exposed  to  a  gen- 
tle heat  and  mixt  with  a  bait  of  flesh  ye  shall  give  to- 
gether with  the  blood  to  a  hungry  dog  or  swine  and  the 
disease  ^ball  instantly  pass  from  you  into  the  dog  and 
utterly  leave  \ou:  no  otherwise  than  the  leprosie  nf  Naa- 
man  did  by  the  exsecrntion  of  the  Prophet  transmigrate 
into  Geha/i.  Xay  is  there  not  even  now  in  France  an 
Abbe  who  aireth  fever  of  all  kinds  bv  svmpathy?  For 
he  taketh  but  the  patient's  spittle  and  mingletb  it  with  an 
egg  and  =o  cnveth  it  unto  a  dog  and  ibe  dog  dieth  and  the 
ratient   •■^  mndc  whole. 

Anci  <!o  Ap  not  nil  know  that  a  woman  weaning  her 
child,  to  the  end  that  her  breasts  may  the  sooner  dry  up, 
strokes  her  milk  into  a  fire  of  glowing  coals  and  there- 
uron  her  paps  suddenly  become  tlacid  and  the  fountain  of 
her  milk   is   stopped. 

IlaTb  ativ'tie  with  his  excrements  defiled  the  threshold 
of  *hv  d'>or  ruul  thou  intendest  to  prohibit  that  pastiness 
for  tlic  future,  rlo  but  lay  a  red-hot  iron  upon  the  excre- 
ment and  the  immodest  sloven  '^hall  in  a  verv  short  space 
grnw  scabbv  in  his  buttocks:  the  lire  torrifying  iht-  ex- 
crement :.;ia  by  dorsal  magnetism  ciriving  the  acrimonv  of 
tlir  burning  mtn  his   impudent   anu';. 

So  it  i-  vnin  if  not  wicked  of  the  ^ibintiff  to  denv  the 
opcraii-n  nt_  sympathetic  powder  or  uneucnt— and  be  is 
wronL'ju  bemtr  pufTcd  up  in  bis  own  conceit  and  setting 
bim^tlf  above  those  who  are  older  and  wiser  than  him- 
self. 

>  ',  t  Ik-  -rn  eth  that  his  method  of  cure  is  one  which  is 
\vtlM,n.i.' n  in  the  profession,  though  that  i<;  dcnird  by 
ottier  *uTL.'eons 

'T.^VM.u-.  !i,,n  ^..-,■.  .\ii  i.M.f.-ilinii  iitrtornc.]  In  tlu'  no!oyrH-f 
''iirppnn,  Taclincnz7i  ( I546-I59()1.  who  wsf<\  a  flap  t.iken  from  the 
rirm.  hui  !i'.t  entirely  spvering  it  until  union  ha.!  taken  place  to 
fnrni    n    new  nnse. 


RiddcU:  A  Sciciileeiith  Cenlury  Fee. 

That  is  the  question  ye  are  to  try-and  if  y|  f"^  ">»* 
h.«  mode  of  cu.e  is  acknowlcdsed  m  his  profession,  ye 
nil!  give  him  your  verdict;   and  if  otherwise,  not 

And  it  is  naught  that  the  knight  hath  heeii  cured.  It 
,„av  he  that  the  powerful  medican  -nts  apphed  liy  "is  first 
attendant  but  succeeded  in  making  their  po«er  felt  after 
the  plaintiff  was  consulted.  ,  ■     .„  ■     ,:„u,  :„  uu 

Ye  mav  indeed  think  that  if  the  plaintiff  is  right  in  his 
contention  that  it  was  btit  llie  unassisted  ,V'^''''f''^<''"' 
„a,„rac  which  effected  the^  ;re,  all  the  credit  f°; 'h';  ™.« 
should  he  given  to  Dame  -Nature  herself  and  the  plaint^ 
descrveth  none— having  no  credit,  neither  should  he  be 
given  cash. 

i:\t,.:ct  for  the  defendant-'^ 


